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As indicated by the absorbance data, there is a small difference (0,010) between the average absorbance value of the two aqueous solutions and a more numerically sizable difference (0,108μM) between the calculated concentrations of the two aqueous solutions. Enjoy special exhibitions and CAM's permanent collection, plus programs and events for all ages. Visual observation of the two colored aqueous solutions indicate no perceptible difference between the two solutions. See figure 4 below. Based on sight, it could be that the two aqueous solutions are identical in concentration. The differences among the absorbance and concentration data are small and based on this we could conclude that there is no meaningful difference between the two aqueous solutions.
But the difference exists and perhaps it is significant enough such that the two solutions are indeed different enough to not be identical. In fact, although the solutions look to have the same intensity of blue, there could be a chemical difference. Of course, this is a simulation (solutions were prepared on purpose) but in an actual lab situation details like these can be of value and importance. Source: Statistics and Chemometrics for Analytical Chemistry by James N. In the numerator is the difference between the calculated means. In the denominator, s is a pooled estimate of the standard deviation whereas n 1 and n 2 are the sample sizes. An important factor that needs to be considered is the number of d egrees of freedom ( df) in case of the t-distribution, df is (n 1+n 2) - 2.
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This number indicates the number of values that are free to vary.
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How to pull up xlminer analysis toolpak excel free# Before doing a t-test, the level of significance, also known as α, needs to be chosen. Most of the time α is set at 0.05 (or 5%). By using this level of significance, it means that there is a 1 in 20 chance that the Null Hypothesis is rejected when it is true. If the absolute value or modulus of t is greater than the Critical value, the Null hypothesis can be rejected.
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The Critical value can be found in specific tables ( t-distribution critical value tables) or is given by the software test output. How to pull up xlminer analysis toolpak excel software# Table 3 below shows the results for the comparison between the absorbance values of solution A and solution B.